Search
Related topics are listed below.
Nodes
Nodes
This is the Notch node reference. Notch node types: Cameras: Cameras define the point of view, perspective and aspect from which the scene is rendered. Cloning: Cloners instantiate multiple copies of geometry nodes – such as 3D Objects, Text Nodes and Shape…
Nodes
Nodes » Nodes
Method This section contains a group of mostly miscellaneous nodes. Colour Colour Ramp Comment Debug Log Image 2D Layer Precomp Mapping Motion Direction Follower Motion Predictor OSC Output Parent To Vertex Render Layer Render To Texture Root Screen…
Lighting
Nodes » Lighting
Method Lighting nodes are nodes that control lighting in a scene. Most emit light from different shapes or objects, but some control how light is emitted or scattered in the scene. Lighting nodes are generally hooked into the Root node, although they can be applied…
Lighting
Nodes » Particles » Shading » Lighting
Method This node shades particles based on scene lighting. The lighting calculation is an approximation based on the particle’s distance to the light and its facing direction, which is determined by either the particle’s normal if available or the…
Probe Lighting
Nodes » Lighting » Probe Lighting
Method Creates dynamic reflections of other objects in the scene, by rendering them from specific points within the scene. A Point Cache may optionally be used to allow the reflection images to be generated more efficiently when there are a large number of probes to…
Raycast Lighting
Nodes » Video Processing » Image Processing » Raycast Lighting
Method This node uses a light from the scene to light the image. Attributes Name Description Preview In Viewport Preview the effect blended with alpha in the viewport. Preview Alpha In Viewport Preview the alpha values in…
Raytracing Nodes
Techniques » Raytracing Techniques » Raytracing Nodes
Reflections nodes RT Mirror Reflection A single bounce mirror reflection node is the simplest and most efficient raytraced reflection. *This node is great for real-time projects. *There is no surface roughness for this node RT Multi-Bounce Reflection Using the…
Shading Nodes
Nodes » Shading Nodes
Method These nodes change the ways that material nodes apply to an objects, and how their materials are shaded on the object surface. Gallery Noise Fractal Shading Grid Shading Node Gradient Shading Node…
Raytracing Lighting
Techniques » Raytracing Techniques » Raytracing Lighting
Basic light On both the Omni and Spotlight you can enable raytracing shadows. Turn raytracing on the root and enable shadow casting on the light. Set shadow map type to Ray Traced. *Ray traced shadows produce accurate soft shadows Area light Turn raytracing on…
Bake Lighting
Techniques » Lighting » Bake Lighting
Static or Baked lighting Baking lighting into lightmaps is essential for all realtime projects such as AR and VR because of the low-performance costs need to run those projects. Once static lighting is baked into a scene via lightmaps it can’t be changed,…
Field Lighting
Nodes » Fields » Rendering » Field Lighting
Method This node adds lighting and self shadowing to fields based on input light nodes. It is used in conjunction with the Field Renderer node (which renders the field volume). Affecting lights need to be connected to Lights input of the Field Lighting node. The Field…
Volumetric Lighting
Nodes » Lighting » Volumetric Lighting
Method Adds volumetric lighting into the scene. *A great way of adding atmospheric fog to your scene. Example Nodegraph Example Transform Name Description Position X Move its position…
Render Nodes
Nodes » Procedural » Render Nodes
Method These nodes convert the procedural distance field into rendered geometry, voxel grids, or other systems. Gallery Procedural Meshing Procedural Shading Node Volume Generator Volumetric Tracer…
Voxel Cone Lighting
Nodes » Lighting » Voxel Cone Lighting
Method Performs global illumination using a filtered voxel representation of the scene. It voxelises objects by using GPU rasterisation. The voxels are filtered at different resolutions. Coarser resolutions are used for high roughnesses, finer resolutions are used for…
Execute Child Nodes
Nodes » Logic » Execute Child Nodes
Method Allows you to enable or disable the execution of connected child nodes at runtime. This is useful for menu systems or general logic. Example Nodegraph Attributes Name Description Execute Children Nodes …
Bake Lighting To Object
Nodes » Lighting » Bake Lighting To Object
Method The Bake Lighting To Object node bakes static lighting information for objects in the scene into lightmap textures, which are then applied back on to the objects to replace dynamic lighting. Baking the static lighting of the scene will drastically improve the…
Select Render Layer For Child Nodes
Nodes » Nodes » Select Render Layer For Child Nodes
Method This node can assign its direct or indirect children to a different Render Layer than the one that the hierarchy would otherwise assign them to. This node is particularly useful in virtual production workflows, where separate render layers are used for front…
Rendering
Nodes » Fields » Rendering
Method Rendering nodes visualise the field or control how it is rendered and shaded. Any Rendering nodes need to be connected to a Field Root node, and will only render fields within that field system (unless modified appropriately). Rendering …
Shading
Nodes » Particles » Shading
Method Shading nodes change the colour or position of the particles in various ways. Some shading nodes are used to tint particles based on their own individual attributes such as their life or velocity; others consider them as a system and shade them by density of…
Optimisation tools for Virtual Production
Techniques » Virtual Production » Optimisation tools for Virtual Production
Freeze Geometry Just like using Lego, the best way to create most virtual production scenes is by using modular building blocks. By using smaller blocks, you gain much greater flexibility on-set and during the creation process. However, GPUs aren’t very…
Raytracing Techniques
Techniques » Raytracing Techniques
Raytracing Basics Raytracing Lighting Raytracing Nodes An overview of basic raytracing setup. Raytraced light examples. Raytraced nodes groups. Reflections and Refractions Pathtracer Basics…
Point Cache
Nodes » Lighting » Point Cache
Method Generates a set of points over the surface of an object or set of objects, within a given bounding box. The generated set of points is intended to be used in conjunction with other nodes. For example it can be used for lighting, particle emission, and cloning.…
RT Ambient Occlusion
Nodes » Ray Tracing » RT Ambient Occlusion
Method This node simulates ambient occlusion by casting a large number of rays in random directions in a sphere or hemisphere from each point on the screen, and determining what percentage of them hit something before reaching the extent of the bounding sphere. …
Render To Texture
Nodes » Nodes » Render To Texture
Method This node renders all its child nodes and their sub-trees to a separate off-screen texture / precomposition. This texture may then be applied anywhere that takes an image or video node as input: materials, video nodes, Image2D nodes, Image Planes and so on.…
Ray Tracing
Nodes » Ray Tracing
Method Ray tracing is a more accurate “photorealistic” rendering technique for calculating lighting, shadows and reflections in a 3D scene. Raytracing brings to Notch a number of features not previously possible with the traditional renderer and greatly…
Screen Space Ambient Occlusion
Nodes » Lighting » Screen Space Ambient Occlusion
Method Add a screen space ambient occlusion (SSAO) node to the scene, this will produce subtle ambient occlusion shadows, to ground objects to surfaces and to add depth to geometry details. Example Nodegraph Example …
Light
Nodes » Lighting » Light
Method Add a Light node into the scene. *Attach the Target Node input to any object, to have the light track that object. *The default light node is a spotlight, in the node properties use the Light Type drop-down menu to toggle between Spot, Omni, Directional, Area…
Reflections and Refractions
Techniques » Raytracing Techniques » Reflections and Refractions
Reflections Raytraced reflections are more accurate reflections than Screen Spaced Reflections. The images below show the difference between each raytracing nodes reflections. Sky light The Sky light reflects the skydome HDR environment map, it will not reflect the…
Directional Light
Nodes » Lighting » Directional Light
Method Add a directional light node to a scene to produce ambient directional lighting throughout. Light is emitted in a parallel direction at the normal to an infinite plane. *Directional lights do not cast shadows. Example Nodegraph…
Render Layer
Nodes » Nodes » Render Layer
Method This node renders all its child nodes and their sub-trees to a separate composition layer within the scene. Composition layers share the same camera view and may share the same depth space but have different render targets, allowing them to have their own post…
Live Network Editing
Techniques » Virtual Production » Live Network Editing
The ability to respond on-site is probably one of the most critical aspects of virtual production. There is little point of having a real-time virtual set rendering unless you can make the creative changes needed on-set to bring the creative wins you’re looking…
Root
Nodes » Nodes » Root
Method The Root node for the scene, controlling the basic menu and other important scene attributes. Attributes Name Description Background Colour Change the background colour. Backdrop Glow Defines the “glow”…
Environment Image
Nodes » Lighting » Environment Image
Method This node generates an environment image from an HDR/EXR image for a Skylight, or other lighting nodes. Example Nodegraph Example Attributes Name Description Envmap Image Image used…
RT Diffuse Bounces
Nodes » Ray Tracing » RT Diffuse Bounces
Method The Diffuse Bounce node simulates diffuse lighting of solid objects accurately with support for multiple bounces. Only diffuse bounces and interactions are handled. This makes it particularly applicable for baking light maps, as the light interactions modelled…
Voxel Cone Shading
Nodes » Particles » Shading » Voxel Cone Shading
Method This node calculates lighting on particles using Voxel Cone Shading. This allows for soft shadows to be calculated that also take into account particle transparency. This effect must first voxelise the particles, which requires a limited spatial area denoted by…
UV Camera
Nodes » Cameras » UV Camera
Method Renders the contents of a connected 3D objects surface back into its UV texture map. This is most commonly used with media servers for projection mapped objects, where Notch renders the contents of the object’s surface and passes it to the media server…
RT Real-Time Denoiser
Nodes » Ray Tracing » RT Real-Time Denoiser
Method Ray tracing is computationally intensive and some effects – such as soft area light shadows – rely on lots and lots of rays being cast per pixel. In order to make this viable in real-time or while editing interactively, Notch typically casts very…
Fields
Nodes » Fields
Introduction A field is a grid of voxels. A voxel is a 3D pixel that contains the following data: “Ink” – RGBA Colour information “Movement Vector” – XYZ Vector By holding colour / “ink” information in the voxel,…
Particles
Nodes » Particles
Method Particle nodes are nodes used in a particles system. This system starts with a Particle Root Node, and is built out with Emitter, Affector and Shader nodes, before finally being rendered to the camera with a Renderer node. The Particle Root Node contains the…
Sky Light
Nodes » Lighting » Sky Light
Method This node simulates a skylight/dome light by surrounding the scene with a large number of shadow-casting spotlights positioned on the dome pointing inwards. This allows the skylight to be rendered efficiently, although it may still be too slow for real-time use…
Notch 0.9.23 Release Notes
Release Notes » Notch 0.9.23 Release Notes
0.9.23.170 (13th patch release, 1st December 2020): Added Features [Node] Depth Camera / Kinect Source node: Added Body Mask Index Start and End parameters to allow for filtering body masks per node. [Node] Combine Colour Grades node: Added “Export…
Location & Specs
Techniques » Virtual Production » Location & Specs
Location considerations Despite the production being ‘virtual’ the same rules of physical production apply and have an on flow effect to the content creation process. As a 3D artist, understanding the constraints of the physical space, the lenses and…
Optimising 3D scenes
FAQ » Optimising 3D scenes
Working in real-time allows for great speed, flexibility and experimentation vs offline rendering / video. But projects designed to run in real-time have one key consideration that video doesn’t: performance. Performance of most real-time 3D scenes is limited…
Material
Nodes » Materials » Material
Method Create a PBR material that can be applied to particles, 3D meshes and other objects in a 3D scene. Rock and brick PBR materials *use the right-click menu to cache input textures to the node. This will export all the input textures to…
Integration & Control
Techniques » Virtual Production » Integration & Control
Introduction Virtual productions, aren’t purely virtual. They contain a whole range of upstream and downstream systems from camera tracking systems, to lighting to media servers, to control surfaces. Notch provides are whole range of methods for integrating…
Point Cache Emitter
Nodes » Particles » Emitters » Point Cache Emitter
Method Emits particles from the points in a Point Cache. This is useful for saving on mesh processing cost by re-using a single point cache for multiple emitters as well as other features such as lighting and cloning. Example …
Freeze Geometry
Nodes » Geometry » Freeze Geometry
Method Combines multiple geometry nodes and freezes them into a single mesh, preserving the materials of the source geometry. The resulting mesh is static: it won’t be regenerated or updated again until the timeline is reset. Once frozen, the source geometry…
Semi-Transparent RT Material
Nodes » Materials » Semi-Transparent RT Material
Method A basic semi-transparent RT material, similar to the default material node but default raytraced glass settings. Semi-Transparent RT Material *This material needs Ray Tracing to be enabled on the root to function. *use the right-click…
Glass RT Material
Nodes » Materials » Glass RT Material
Method A basic glass material, similar to the default material node but with default raytraced glass settings. Glass material *This material needs Ray Tracing to be enabled on the root to function. *use the right-click menu to cache input…
Diffuse Material
Nodes » Materials » Diffuse Material
Method A basic diffuse material, similar to the default material node but without any specular settings. Diffuse materials *use the right-click menu to cache input textures to the node. This will export all the input textures to individual…
Metallic Material
Nodes » Materials » Metallic Material
Method A basic metallic material, similar to the default material node but default metallic settings. Metallic material *use the right-click menu to cache input textures to the node. This will export all the input textures to individual…
Pathtracer
Nodes » Ray Tracing » Pathtracer
Method The Pathtracer node simulates lighting of solid objects accurately with support for multiple bounces of specular and diffuse reflections and refractions with varying roughness and other material attributes. This is achieved by casting lots and lots of rays,…
Viewport
User Interface » Viewport
Window This window show the actual scene, and what will be rendered / output by Notch into other tools. Top Bar Label Description Translation Switch to the translate gizmo. Rotation Switch to the rotate…
RT Multi-Bounce Reflection
Nodes » Ray Tracing » RT Multi-Bounce Reflection
Method The Reflection Multi-Bounce node simulates specular lighting of solid objects accurately with support for multiple bounces with varying roughness and other material attributes. Only specular interactions are handled by this node, making it a good compliment for…
Alpha Blend (Transparent) Material
Nodes » Materials » Alpha Blend (Transparent) Material
Method This is a basic transparent material using an alpha blend. This material can be applied to particles, 3D meshes and other objects in a 3D scene. Alpha Blend Transparent Material *use the right-click menu to cache input textures to the…
Substance Material
Nodes » Materials » Substance Material
Method Notch allows the use of materials made with stance Designer from Allegorithmic. The Substance Designer Material once assigned to an object will behave like a standard Notch material. All options are identical, but with the ability to modify the texture on the…
Logic
Nodes » Logic
Method The Logic nodes are used to create a meta logic system within Notch. Time These nodes interact with the Notch projects playhead. Jump to Time Loop Time Selecting Nodes These nodes control the active or inactive state of the nodes below…
Antialiasing
Nodes » Post-FX » Antialiasing
Method These nodes calculate better antialiasing than the default. Antialiasing nodes don’t apply to the same nodes as the rest of the Post-Fx nodes, and instead, function on these nodes, Cameras (will only be applied when the scene is viewed through a…
Blur
Nodes » Post-FX » Blur
Method Blur nodes defocus images, making them appears less clear. These are useful in many scenarios, from cleaning up the harsh edges on a key mask to creating depth of field for the image. They follow the same order of operations as all the other post-fx…
Image Processing
Nodes » Video Processing » Image Processing
Method These nodes analyse and modify the image with different effects. Can be applied to all the same nodes as the Video Processing group. Unlike Post-FX nodes (many of which are shared with these nodes), these do not affect the parent with the effect and instead…
Auto Bounding Box
Nodes » Geometry » Auto Bounding Box
Method This node generates a bounding box based on the combined size of nodes input into the nodes Bounds Nodes input. Inputs Name Description Typical Node Input Bounds Nodes Input nodes from which a combined bounding box will be…
The Obvious
Techniques » Virtual Production » The Obvious
Casting shadows from the talent Shadows have been a key part of grounding talent in virtual production for many years and are a key consideration in making your Notch content. The approach to doing this alters depending on the type of virtual production you are…
Image Compression
Nodes » Post-FX » Image Compression
Method Compress or decompress images with different kinds of compression. Image Compression nodes can be applied directly to all the same nodes as the rest of the post-fx nodes. Compress UV Animation Decompress UV Animation
Colour Processing
Nodes » Post-FX » Colour Processing
Method Colour Processing nodes are used to modify the colours in an image. Colour Processing nodes can be applied directly to all the same nodes as the rest of the post-fx nodes. Gallery Apply Colour LUT Colour Grading…
Video Processing
Nodes » Video Processing
Method Video processing nodes control video post-fx in the scene. Video Processing nodes can be parented to these nodes, and will output an effect. Render To Texture All Video Processing Nodes (although you will mostly use Video Source and Video Null) Aside…
Antialiasing Methods
Techniques » Antialiasing Methods
There’s a number of antialiasing techniques available in Notch. They all attempt to antialias your render, but all of them cope better or worse with different rendering situations and all have different trade-offs. They can be used together, but often it…
Stylisation
Nodes » Post-FX » Stylisation
Method These nodes modify the image. Stylisation nodes can be applied directly to all the same nodes as the rest of the post-fx nodes. Gallery 3D Object Outline Cross Hatch Digital Block Glitch Digital Chroma…
Warping
Nodes » Post-FX » Warping
Method These nodes take an image and stretch or squash them in different ways. Warping nodes can be applied directly to all the same nodes as the rest of the post-fx nodes. Gallery Barrel Distortion Bezier Warp…
Nodegraph
User Interface » Nodegraph
Main Window This window contains the node based scripting tools for Notch. Nodegraph Controls Label Description Copy Copy the currently select node or nodes. Cut Copy and delete the currently selected node…
Field Shadows
Nodes » Fields » Rendering » Field Shadows
Method This node lights and shades a field from above and is used in conjunction with Field Renderer. As the lighting direction is limited to this one direction, this node is significantly faster than the similar Field Lighting node which allows multiple light sources…
Distortion
Nodes » Post-FX » Distortion
Method Changes the shape of the image in different ways. Distortion nodes can be applied directly to all the same nodes as the rest of the post-fx nodes. Gallery Distortion Dither Line Distortion Noise RGB…
Feature Tracking
Nodes » Video Processing » Feature Tracking
Method Feature tracking nodes detect and track features in an image. These nodes are currently under development, so your mileage may vary. Can be applied to all the same nodes as the Video Processing group.
Image Processing
Nodes » Post-FX » Image Processing
Method These nodes analyse and modify the image with different effects. Image Processing nodes can be applied directly to all the same nodes as the rest of the post-fx nodes. Gallery Auto Key Colour Mask Bit Crush …
Volumetric Tracer
Nodes » Procedural » Render Nodes » Volumetric Tracer
Method Renders a procedural as a volume. Unlike the Volumetric Generator node, this volume is not restricted to a bounded region of space. This allows a free camera flight through the volume without needing to animate or switch bounding boxes. This node is highly…
Generators
Nodes » Generators
Method These nodes generate different black and white effects that can be overlayed, or used to modify other nodes. Also fields. Lots of cool stuff with fields. Generators can be applied directly to these nodes, however, if applied to other nodes it will affect the…
Grid Shading Node
Nodes » Shading Nodes » Grid Shading Node
Method This node applies grid pattern to the shading of a material node. This can be used to deform, recolour and change the lighting on a mesh. Example A 2d grid with alpha blended – B 3Dgrid – C 2D grid – …
Noise Shading Node
Nodes » Shading Nodes » Noise Shading Node
Method This node applies simple noise to the shading of a material node. This can be used to deform, recolour and change the lighting on a mesh. Example Example Nodegraph Transform Name Description…
Select Child Node
Nodes » Logic » Select Child Node
Method Allows you to selectively enable or disable the execution of connected child nodes at runtime based on an index. Only one child node can be active at a time, but when used in conjunction with Null or Execute Child Nodes, you can add a tree of child nodes. This…
Point Renderer
Nodes » Particles » Rendering » Point Renderer
Method This node renders a point sprite for every particle. A point sprite is a quad which is positioned in 3D space, is rotated to face the camera and may be textured. This is the most commonly used rendering node for particle effects. Particles can be sorted in…
Input Output
Nodes » Video Processing » Input Output
Method These nodes control where video is imported from, and where video is output to. Can be applied to all the same nodes as the Video Processing group.
Generators
Nodes » Post-FX » Generators
Method These nodes effect the input image by compositing mathematically generated patterns onto them. Generators nodes don’t affect all the same nodes as the rest of the post-fx nodes, as each node functions differently. The Gradient 2D node and Gradient…
GetNumChildren()
Javascript » API Reference » Node Object » GetNumChildren()
Purpose Returns the number of child nodes. Syntax int GetNumChildren(); returns an integer of the number of child nodes. Example function Update() { layer = Document.FindLayer("My Layer"); node = layer.FindNode("Frame Buffer"); n =…
Node Hierarchies
Node Hierarchies
Data Flow Nodes are connected in a parent / child hierarchy. This is first and foremost a transform hierarchy: parent transformations are applied to the child, composited with the child’s own transformation – so the parent moves the child with itself. The…
GetNumNodes()
Javascript » API Reference » Layer Object » GetNumNodes()
Purpose Returns the number of nodes in the layer. Syntax int GetNumNodes(); returns an integer of the number of nodes in the layer. Example function Update() { layer = Document.FindLayer("My Layer"); var x = layer.GetNumNodes(); }
Post-FX
Nodes » Post-FX
Method Post-FX nodes are mostly effects added onto an image, after the scene is rendered. These can vary from Colour Correction to FXAA antialiasing, and are generally used to enhance an image. The order of operations are decided based on the Y value of the node in…
Blacktrax Array
Nodes » Interactive » Array Sources » Blacktrax Array
Method Takes multiple Blacktrax Trackables and instantiates the child nodes at the tracked points. You can track either the rigid body positions and rotation (Centroids) of given trackables or every LED of the trackable. See the Array Sources node to see how this…
Motion Processing
Nodes » Video Processing » Motion Processing
Method These nodes analyse a video for movement, and give outputs based on that movement. Can be applied to all the same nodes as the Video Processing group.
Depth Processing
Nodes » Video Processing » Depth Processing
Method Depth Processing nodes generate and change depth data using various techniques. Can be applied to all the same nodes as the Video Processing group. Luminance From Depth
Gradient Shading Node
Nodes » Shading Nodes » Gradient Shading Node
Method This node applies a gradient to the shading of a material node. This can be used to deform, recolour and change the lighting on a mesh. Example A Mapping type Object coordinate – B Mapping type Object Output channel…
GBuffer To Image
Nodes » Video Processing » Input Output » GBuffer To Image
Method This node allows GBuffer channels from a rendered scene to be used as video nodes for compositing or export purposes. By default, the base render layer is used as the GBuffer source, but a Render Layer may be supplied via appropriate input. For most channels…
Render To Surfaces
Nodes » Nodes » Render To Surfaces
Method This node renders connected objects and lights onto the surface of chosen objects. Attributes Name Description Width Width of rendered texture. Height Width of rendered texture. Background Colour …
Timeline
User Interface » Timeline
Top Bar This window lists all of the layers and effects in the current project, useful for sequencing and timing effects to run together. Timeline Controls Label Description Copy Copy the currently select node or nodes.…
Rendering
Nodes » Particles » Rendering
Method Rendering nodes visualise the particles by spawning images, meshes or trails. Multiple rendering nodes may be connected to the same particle system, allowing the same particles to be rendered in multiple different ways at once. Any Rendering nodes need to be…
RT Refinement
Nodes » Ray Tracing » RT Refinement
Method Ray tracing is computationally intensive and some effects – such as soft area light shadows – rely on lots and lots of rays being cast per pixel. In order to make this viable in real-time or while editing interactively, Notch typically casts very…
Cloners and Particles
Techniques » Raytracing Techniques » Cloners and Particles
Cloners Cloners will work well with any raytracing nodes and scenes, as long as they are using shape 3d’s or 3d objects. Particles Particles will work well with any raytracing nodes and scenes, as long as they are using shape 3d’s or 3d objects. …
Spline Follower
Nodes » Nodes » Spline Follower
Method This node translates a child object along an input spline. The child may also optionally be rotated to point along the direction of the spline. Attributes Name Description Spline Time The percentage along the spline the child…
Effectors
Nodes » Cloning » Effectors
Method Effector nodes modify the transformation values of clones in cloner node systems. Effectors are hooked into Cloning nodes as inputs. Gallery FFT Effector Image Effector Plain Effector Randomise Effector …
Pre-visualisation
Techniques » Virtual Production » Pre-visualisation
Just like in real-world productions, previsualisation can help you sell your concept, test your creative ideas and find issues or constraints in advance. Notch is a great tool for previsualization and there are several key techniques that can help you on your…
Generators
Nodes » Procedural » Generators
Method These nodes serve the purpose of generating a distance field for use in a procedural. Usually, the starting point in the process of creating a procedural surface or volume is to add one of these nodes. Gallery 3D…
Materials
Nodes » Materials
Method Material nodes control how light interacts with the surfaces of objects. These nodes will accept a material input as a material. 3D Object Shape 3D Shatter Primitive 3D Text Multi Material (Used to create new materials from other…
